Calculating machine



Feb. 24, 1953 E. P. BRAKE ETAL CALCULATING MACHINE 10 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 12, 1950 l VENTOR Enna/2p l? l f P/cHAPo 5. MAP/r ATTORNEY Feb. 24, 1953 E. P. BRAKE ETAL 2,529,550

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 12, 195o 1o sheets-sheet 5 lNvENToRs Eon/APD P DPA/f FMH/wo -5. MAPK ATTORNEY Feb. 24, 1953 P. BRAKE ErAl.

CALCULATNG MACHINE Filed June l2, 1950 lwENTORj FDW/W0 P PARE I ,Pw/APD 5, MAQ/c ATTORNEY Feb. 24, 1953 E; P.- DRAKE ErAL CALCULA'I'ING MACHI'N' l0 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed June l2, 1950 INVENTORS row/wo l? DPA/fc- Q/rHAQD .5 MAQ/f Feb. 24, 1953 E. P. BRAKE ETAL 2,629,550

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June l2, 1950 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 lNvl-:NToRs Eau/A20 P DPA/r: Pfff/A005. M40/z A'TToRNEY i Feb. 24, 1953 E. P,` DRAKE ETAL 2,629,550

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 12, 1950 10 sheets-sheet 10 ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 24, 1953 CALCULATING MACHINE Edward P. Drake, Glendale, and Richard S. Mark, Arcadia, Calif., assignors to Clary Multiplier Corporation, San Gabriel, Calif., a corporation of California Application J une 12, 1950, Serial No. 167,612

(Cl. 23S-61) 11 Claims.

This invention relates to timing mechanism and has particular reference to mechanism for alternately controlling the functioning of two or more independently operable mechanisms.

The invention is an improvement over mechanism previously developed for a similar purpose and disclosed in the copending application of R. E. Boyden et al., Serial No. 710,880, liled November 19, 1946, and since matured into Patent No. 2,515,692, issued on July 1-8, 1950.

In the foregoing machine, a multiplier factor denomination selecting device is provided for multiplication purposes in order to sequentially cause control elements arranged in successively higher denominational orders of the machine, and representing the different denominationally arranged digits of a multiplier factor, to become effective to control multiplication whereby, in effect, to control multiplication by digits of successively higher order denominations of a multiplier factor, one digit at a time. At the same time, a denomination distributing device is provided to enter the various sub-products of multiplicaton, which are obtained by multiplying the multiplicand by the different digits in the multiplier, into successively higher denominational orders in an accumulator so as to properly accumulate the total product. Thus, the denomination selecting device and the denomination distributing device are successively advanced through various corresponding increments of travel. Where zeros occur in the multiplier factor, the two devices skip through the corresponding increments.

The movement of the denomination selecting device and the denomination distributing device must be so timed that both devices locate in corresponding control positions for the proper selection of a multiplier digit and the proper distribution of the sub-products in the product accumulator. However, in order to save time, the machine is so arranged that the denomination selecting device will operate in advance of the denomination distributing device to select a new denomination or digit of the multiplier while the denomination distributing device is in a position controlling entry of the sub-product of a current multiplication in accordance with a previously selected multiplier digit, into a selected group of denominations of the accumulator. After completion of the current multiplication, the denomination distributing device will advance to a position corresponding to the position of the denomination selecting device which is already set in its new selecting position.

In the foregoing machine, control mechanism is provided as disclosed in said Boyden et al. patent which allows the denomination selecting device to be spring advanced one increment, or several increments, if one or more zeros are present in the multiplier factor. Thereafter, the denominations distributing device is allowed to likewise be spring advanced to a new corresponding position and to be arrested in such position by the already set denomination selecting device. Although the aforementioned mechanism is generally satisfactory it involves a spring action which snaps both the denomination selectving device and the denomination distributing device forward to their new positions at an uncontrolled rate of speed and if both devices were to skip through several increments, due to the presence of a number of successive zeros in the multiplier factor, they would obtain conl siderable momentum and would result in a violent jarring action and possible rebound from their i arrested positions.

Accordingly, the principal object of the presl ent invention is to overcome the above-noted defects.

Another object is to sequentially move two elements to corresponding positions.

Another object is to sequentially move such f elements to corresponding positions at controlled the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a side view showing the mechanism for driving the racks and for setting the multiplier digit selecting device in home position.

Fig. 4. is a detailed side elevation view illustrating the machine in a multiplying condition and with the multiplier digit selecting device in an operative position.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the mechanism for locking the denomination distributing device in any of its adjusted positions.

Fig. 6 is a side elevation illustrating part of the controls for the main and multiplier clutches, and the motor drive therefor.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation illustrating further controls for the main and multiplier clutches.

Fig. 8 is a side elevation illustrating part of the machine controls, including the add and second factor control bars.

Fig. 9 is a side elevation illustrating the mechanism for controlling sequential and alternate advance of the denomination selecting and denomination distributing devices.

Fig. 10 is a front View of the multiplier digit selection control plate.

Fig. l1 is a front View, partly broken away, of the denomination shifting device.

Fig. l2 is a timing chart of the machine.

Fig. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship.

between the circuits and the mechanisms of the multiplying instrumentalities.

The mechanism of the present invention is intended to be embodied in the calculating machine disclosed and claimed in the aforesaid R. E. Boyden et al. patent. Accordingly, reference is hereby made to said patent for a complete disclosure of a calculating machine to which the present invention may be applied. Therefore, for the sake of brevity, only that mechanism which embodies-the present invention and that which directly cooperates therewith will be described herein in detail. It should bey understood, however, that the invention may be equally well embodied in other forms of machines and may be used in connection with other forms of calculating machine mechanisms such as division mechanisms, etc.

General description The machine in which the present invention is embodied is of the reciprocating rack type utilizing diierentially operable reciprocating racks 35 (Figs. l and 2) to transfer' mechanical representations of 4values between different operating units of the machine such as the keyboard, generally indicated at |I, accumulators, i. e. and and 36, multiplying mechanism, etc.

In performing multiplication, the multiplicand is rst set up in the keyboard and suitable controls are effected to diferentially advance the racks under control of the depressed keys. During return of the racks to their original home positions associated multiplicand racks 40 are `0D- eratively connected therewith through mechanism not shown and are thereby moved downwardly to positions mechanically representing the values of the multiplicand digits, The multiplicand racks thus form a multiplicand receiving and representing device and remain in their adjusted positions throughout the multiplication operation.

Thereafter, the multiplier is set up in the keylboard and a multiplication control bar I4 (Fig. 8) is depressed. The latter har institutes operation of the multiplying mechanism and also causes the racks 35 to be diterentially advanced forwardly amounts controlled by the depressed keys. The racirs 35 are retained in their forwardly advanced positions throughout the multiplication operation, thus forming a multiplier value receiving device.

Although the racks, or rather those racks in orders wheren multiplier digits have been entered, are all simultaneously moved :forward to mechanically represent the multiplier factor, only one of such racks controls the multiplication at any one time. For this purpose, multiplier denomination control means are provided to sequentially set a multiplier control carriage generally indicated at 5 (Fig. 1) to positions corresponding to the settings of the different racks, the carriage being iirst set to correspond to the setting of the lowerinost order rack containing a significant multiplier digit. After multiplication byv a multiplier digit represented by the positioning of the multiplier carriage, the latter is set to vcorrespond to the setting of the next higher order rack containing a signicant digit.

The conjoint positioning of the various multiplicand racks 4| and the multiplier carriage 5 condition certain of a plurality of ordinally arranged `groups of circuits arranged in accordance with the partial products of the multiplication tables. The latter circuits control actuation `of the partial product accumulator 6 (Fig. 2)` by cie-clutching the differential drive therefor when the latter registers the partial product resulting from the multiplication of the multiplicand by a selected digit of the multiplier.

A denomination.distributing device in the form of: a circuit shifting switch generally indicated at t (Figs. 1 and. 13) is controlled 'by the aforementioned denomination controlled mechanism for determining the particular orders Vof the accumulator 6 into which separate partial products of the multiplication are to be entered.

Power drive The machine is driven by two separate power units operable by a single motor 420 (Fig. 6), one power unit comprises a cyclically operable main clutch l which is operatively connected to a main drive shaft 8 for the purpose of operating ne main units of the machine during the rst and last phases of' a multiplication operation. rihe second power unit comprises a cycllcally operable multiplier clutch 9 which drives the multiplier drive shaft H3v to operate the multiplying portion of the machine and related mechanisms during the intermediate phases of a multiplication operation. Operation of the multiplier clutch is initiated by the main clutch and vice versa.

Actuator drive The various actuator racks 35 (Figs. 1 and 2) are each supported for foreV and aft movement at their rear by a: cross shaft 95 embraced by open slots 96- formed in the racks. At its forward end, each rack is supported by a rack drive shaft 91 suitably guided for fore and aft movement in slots., one of which is shown at |42` (Fig. 3) formed in machine side frames |43. IThe shaft' S1 extends through and is movable along slots 98 in the various racks.

For the purpose of differentially controlling the extent of travel of the racks 35, there is provided in operative relation to each rack a series of nine amount keys 43 ranging in Value from one to nine forming part of the keyboard 1|. Each key is depressible into a set position wherein a, key stem dla thereof is positioned to be engaged by a shoulder |D| of a rack stop bar |00 which for the purpose of the present disclosure may be considered as attached to its respective rack in the position illustrated.

The racks 35 are arranged to enter amounts into or total amounts out of accumulators, one of which is generally indicated at 36. This accumulator comprises a plurality of denominationally arranged accumulatorgears |60 rotatably mounted on the shaft |6| which may be raised or lowered to selectively mesh the gears With upper gear sections |63 or lower gear sections |62 of the racks. The controls and construction of this and other accumulators are disclosed in the aforementioned Boyden et al. patent.

Means are provided for yieldably transmitting a drive .from the main shaft 8. when the latter is operated by the main clutch 1, to the racks 35. Referring to Fig. 3, a pair of complementary rack drive cams and |3| are keyed to the aforementioned shaft 8. These cams are engaged by rollers |32 and. |33, respectively, carried by a cam follower |34. The latter is pivoted at HS and is connected by a link |35 to an arm |36 on a rock shaft |3l.

Also secured to the shaft |3'l are spaced arms |38 connected by links E46 to the rack drive shaft 91 whereby to transmit fore and aft movement to the latter shaft.

The slot 98 (Fig. 1)` ineach of the racks terminates at its rear in laterally opposed notches |45. Each of these notches is normally engaged by a roller |46 carried on a carrier |41 pivoted on the shaft 91. The two carriers |41 associated with any one rack are spring urged in opposite directions by a spring |48 extending therebetween to yieldably maintain the rollers |45 in engagement with the notches |45 to thereby form a yieldable connection between the drive shaft Vand each vofthe racks.

Addition Ycontrols,

'In the Yoperation of the machine `to additively enter a factor into the accumulator 3c, this factor is first set up in the keyboard and an add bar l5 (Fig. 8) is depressed causing operation of the machine and engagement of the main clutch 1 to operate through a complete cycle. Means (not shown) are provided under control of the add bar |5 to cause the accumulator 36 to mesh with the gear section |62 of the racks.

Referring to Fig. 8, the stem of the add oar l5 is provided with a vertical slot guided over frame pin 453. The lower end of the stem is pivotally connected to a bell-crank 454 pivoted at 455 Yand urged counterclockwise by spring 456 to normally hold the add bar in its illustrated raised position. A pin 469 on the lower arm of the bell crank 454 extends within a notch of a clutch control bar 46| I. The latter is supported for lengthwise movement by swinging arms 463| and 454, the latter being fastened to a rockable shaft 465| to which is also fastened a similar arm 466| connected to the forward end of a second clutch control bar 451|.

Referring to Fig. 6, the clutch control bar 451| is provided with a notch 468| normally embracing an ear 41S on a main clutch control dog 433. The latter is pivoted at 41| and is urged clockwise into engagement with a :full cycle shoulder 432 oi the main clutch by a spring 412 to normally hold the clutch disengaged. However, upon depression of the add bar and consecuent forward movement oi the bars 46H and 451|, the control lever will be rocked counterclockwise out of engagement with the shoulder 432, causing engagement of the main clutch. At the same time a motor circuit is closed causing the motor 429 to drive a worm 42| on the armature shaft thereof. The latter meshes with and drives a worm gear 422 rotatably mounted at 423 and fastened to a spur gear 424 which meshes with gears 425 and 4,25 operatively connected to the clutches 1 and 9, respectively. Thus the gear 425 will become effective7 through the engaged clutch l, to drive the shaft Although the clutch control lever 433 is capable of arresting operation of the main clutch 1 at the end. of the rst phase or approximately 180 of rotation thereof during multiplication operations, as will appear later, by engaging a second shoulder 432e thereon, it is prevented from doing so during addition operations. For this purpose a camming lever 492 (Fig. 7) is also pivoted at 41| independently of the clutch dogv 493,3 and is normally held in its illustrated position by spring 493. A slot is formed in the lever 492 to guide a pin 495 carried by the link 496 (see also Fig. 8) into either a forward position or a rearward position therealong. The latter is pivotally supported at its forward end by a bell crank 491 pivoted at 492i and normally held in a counterclockwise illustrated position by a spring; 499 so as to normally maintain the pin 495 in itsv rearmost illustrated position. During addition, since the multiplication bai` i4 is not depressed, the link 4&5 will be held in its rearward position, thereby maintaining the pin 49,5 over a tail 433a of the clutch dog 43,9.

During the nrst phase o r rotation of the main clutch an ear 490 on the camming member 95 (Fig. '7) willV strike a surface 489 at the rear of the link, 46H, rocking the latter upward out of engagement with the ear :ll-il on theA clutch dog 433 so that the latter may be forced against the periphery ci the main clutch. However. ltoward the mid-cycle or end of the first phase of a main clutch, the camming member 49| will carry an ear 53| thereon against a camming edge 502 on the lever 4912, thereby rocking the latter counterclockwise to force the pin 495 against the tail 433e of the clutch dog to likewise rock the latter. Thus, the clutch dog will be rocked outward away from the clutch just as the shoulder 432e passes its mid-cycle position so that the clutch dog will be ineiiective to arrest the clutch at this point.

Therefore, the clutch will continue on to the end of its cycle at which time the clutch control dog under the action of its spring 412 will engage the full cycle shoulder 432 to disengage the clutch.

Multiplication controls Since the present invention is not concerned with the manner in which the multiplicand is entered into the multiplying mechanism pursuant to a multiplication operation, it will not be described herein, suiiice it to say that the multiplicand racks are diierentially advanced downwardly by amounts representing such multiplicand factor and are retained in set positions throughout the actual multiplication operation- The multiplier factor in multiplication is entered into the machine subsequent to the entry of the multiplicand by setting the multiplier in the keyboard and depressing the multiplication bar ill which initiates a multiplication operation.

The stem of the bar i4 is connected to the hereinbeiore mentioned bell crank 49T through a pin and slot connection 'Mii and upon depression of the bar against the action of its spring ile to its lowermost position, wherein it is held by a suitable latch mechanism (not shown), it will rock the bell crank 491 to draw the link ist (see also Fig. 7) forward to position the pin over the tail of a bell crank 1|1 (see also Fig. 6), The latter is pivoted at 41| independentiy of the clutch dog 433 and camming lever The lever 1li is normally held in its clockwise illustrated position by a spring H8. Since the bar l i is held in a depressed position throughout the multiplication operation, pin 495 will likewise be retained over the tail of bell crank 1|1 for the duration ci this operation.

It will be noted on reference to Fig. 8 that the pivot pin liil on the bell crank 491 extends within a second notch in the aforementioned clutch control bar Fati I so that when the multiplication bar i4 is depressed the pin will draw the clutch control bar forwardly to initiate operation of the main clutch in the same manner as described in connection with additive entry operations initiated by depression of bar I5.

Operation of the main clutch, through the rack drive mechanism heretofore described, will advance the various racks 35 diiferentally to positions controlled by depressed ones of the amount keys during the first phase or 180 of the clutch so as to set the racks to mechanically represent the values of the different digits of the multiplier factor set up in the keyboard. However, in this case, the main clutch will be arrested at the mid-point in its cycle as will be described presently, thereby maintaining the racks in their differentially advanced positions throughout the succeeding multiplication operation.

Toward the end of the rst 180 of movement of the main clutch 1 during a multiplication operation, the ear 50| (Fig. '7) of the member 49| will cam the lever 492 counterclockwise, causing the pin 495 (now located over the tail cf bell crank 1|1) to rock the latter which through a link 12| (Fig. 6) connected between the bell crank 1|1 and an ear 122 of a multiplier clutch control dog 123 (similar in construction and function to the main clutch control dog 433) will rock the dog 123 to cause engagement of the multiplier clutch.

A lever 126 (Fig. '7) similar to the lever 492, is pivoted at 124 independent of the clutch dog 123 and is urged clockwise by a spring |136. This lever is provided with an elongated slot embracing a pin 121 on a link 128 which is pivotally connected to a bell crank 129. The latter is fulcrumed at 13| and is urged clockwise by a spring 132 to normally hold the pin 121 in its rearward illustrated position wherein it overlies the tail of the multiplier clutch dog 123.

Keyed on the multiplier shaft i9 is a member 133 having an ear 134 which will normally cam the lever 12b` counterclockwise just prior to the end of a multiplier clutch cycle thereby causing the pin 121 to rock the clutch dog 123 away from the periphery of the multiplier clutch as the full cycle indentation |000 on the clutch periphery moves past its full cycle position, thereby reinitiating a new clutch cycle.

The foregoing re-cycling of the multiplier clutch will continue until the multiplicand is multiplied by all signiiicant digits of the multiplier, one cycle for each significant digit, at which time the bell crank 129 is rocked counterclockwise as will be described hereinafter to position the pin 121 in the forward end of the slot in lever 12inl and in a position overlying the tail of a bell crank 135. The latter is normally held in its position shown by spring 2135. The bell crank 135 is connected by a link 138 to a lever 14D pivoted at 41|.

As the multiplier clutch 9 approaches the end of its inal cycle, in which case the '|21 will have been positioned over the tail of bell crank 135, the member 133 on the shaft |13 will again rock the lever 12S but since the clutch lever '|23 is not now held away from the periphery of the clutch at this time, the clutch will automatically become disengaged. On the other hand, the bell crank 135 will be actuated by pin 121 and will force the link 138 to the left as viewed in Fig. 7, causing a bent over portion 138er thereon to engage the ear 419 of the main clutch dog 433 to reengage the latter clutch so that it may continue on with its second 189 of operation. At the end of this time the main clutch will become automatically disengaged, thus completing the multiplication operation.

Contact carriage rl`he multiplying mechanism includes ordinally arranged partial product circuit selecting contact elements 654 (Figs. 2 and 13) which are coordinately adjustable in a. vertical direction in accordance with the multiplicand values and in a horizontal direction in accordance with multiplier values. For this purpose, the contact elements are movable along horizontally extending slots 142 in the multiplicand racks 40 and along vertical slots 143 in ordinally arranged plates 144 juxtaposed associated racks 4|) in the different orders of the machine.

The various plates 144 are nxed in spaced relation to each other on rods 145 (Fig. 2) and 146 (Fig. l), the assembly thus formed constituting what will be termed a contact carriage generally indicated at 5. The rods 145 and 146 are guided fore and ait or' the machine in elongated slots 141 and 148, respectively, provided in machine side frames |43 whereby the carriage may be guided horizontally to concomitantly carry the various contact elements 854 into alignment with different vertical rows of partial product circuit terminals, certain of which are indicated at 655U. Suitable means (not shown) are provid ed to electrically insulate the carriage from the frame of the machine.

Contact carri-age setting means as previously described, multiplication is performed by successively multiplying all digits of a multiplicand by the successive denominationally arranged digits of the multiplier factor, i. e. by one multiplier digit at a time. Consequently, denomination selecting means are provided for causing the racks 35 in successively higher orders of the machine to control fore and aft positioning of the Contact carriage whereby to likewise successively adjust the contact elements 654 into registry with different vertical rows of the partial product circuit contacts. When a rack 35 is retained in a position representing a multiplier digit of Zero, the denomination selecting control means will not shift the Contact carriage in accordance with such zero digit but will transfer control to the rack in the next higher denominational order and no idle multiplier cycle will occur in accordance with said zero multiplier digit.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 10, the denomination selecting means comprises a vertically shiftable denomination controlled plate 154 which extends across the machine and is mounted on rollers 155 on one side and 15B on the other, the said rollers being guided within vertically extending slots 151| (see also Fig. 5) formed in the machine side frames |43.

The plate 15s is guided vertically in parallel movement by yoked arms 151 and 158 (Figs. 8 and 8, respectively) on opposite sides of the machine embracing the upper ones of the rollers 155 and 158, respectively. The arms are both secured to rockabie sha-it 18@ on which is also secured an arm Hllil (Fig. '7) and a second arm 16| (Fig. 3). The latter is urged clockwise by tension spring 162 whereby to urge the plate 154 downwardly. As shown in Fig. 3, a ycked arm 163 is pivoted to one arm of the cam follower |34 and is bifurcated to embrace a roller 154 on the arm 15|. The arm 163 and cam follower |34 form a togglelwhich when the main clutch is in lull cycle position, as illustrated, holds the yoked arm against the roller 164 to maintain the plate in its raised position. During a main clutch cycle, the cam follower i3d rocks counterclockwise moving the arm 'VS3 to the position illustrated by the dot-and-dash line 163e. Now, during the cycling of the multiplier clutch as previously mentioned, the main shaft i? vwill be held in its half cycle position, thus retaining the arm 'E63 in its lowerrnost position to allow the plate 754 to be moved downwardly by the joint influence of gravity and spring 1&2 if not otherwise restrained.

A second device is provided to prevent downward movement of the plate i511 except during mu-ltplication operations. As shown in Fig. 3, a latch T65 is iulcrumed at 'E66 and is connected to the multiplication -ke'y operated bell crank 49"! by a link llt. The latch normally engages 'a pin 16S on the arm '151 to latch the latter in place. However, upon depression of the multiplication key I6, the latch is released, permitting the .plate led to move downwardly when the main shaft is rotated.

Referring to Fig. 10. it will be noted that the plate 'i755 is provided with a-series of denominationally or ordinally arranged inverted L-shaped notches 114, the notches being arranged in echelon, progressing upwardly and to the left from the lowermost denominational order. The path of movement of the vertical leg of each notch is located in alignment with the nose '175 (see also Figs. l` and 4) of an advance sensing lever T16 pivoted at VH and urged counterclockwise by spring H8. n

Levers NG, as well as juxtaposedselection icontrol levers l, also pivotedl at 'Vieach orde-r, are urged counterclocliwise by springs TES and 188, respectively, but are normally held outward in positions illustrated in Fig. l by a bail li.

Means' (not shown) areprovided during multiplic'ation operations to cause the bail 'HH to` retract, enabling the various levers Tit? and 'it in each order to' bemoved rearward by their respective' springs and into' Contact with plate left, unless otherwise prevented from` doing so as will appear presently.

If all the sensing' levers l16-areallowed to move rearward, the noseV TES of onel only thereof will be lable to locate within a notch 'FN in the denomination selecting plate ili while the remain-n ing noses will rerelymove into'engagement with the surface of the plate either above'or below its` associated notch, depending upon the position of the plate at that time. Each of the selecting levers 13D also Ahas a n'ose 'IE6 thereon adapted to move into the horizontally extending portion ofl the aligned noth '14 in the plate 'F54 after the advance sensing leve'r moved inward' toblock the-downward movement'of theplate.

Means are provided foi' preventing a pair of control levers TIS and lllfrorn blocking downward movementv ofthe plate T54 if the associated rack. is in its Zero Home Vjo'osl'flfl as would be the case if a zero is registeredl in the as's'c'i ed order of the multiplier factor. For'thi's purpose, an ear 19'! on each rack is adapted to undeiie a nose '190'v ofan associatedcontrol lever 180 when the rack is in its zero position. When the selecting lever T80 is hel-d'outward against the action of its spring it, in turn, will hold its associated sensing lever T16 outward by virtue of an ear '192 on the latterl overlying thenlever 189. In this condition, the aligned notch 'VM in the plate 'l5/1 will not be engaged and the plate will` be permitted to move downward untilanother notch is engaged by a pair of levers 'ile and 180 in a higher denominational order wherein a significant digit is registered. Thus, all racks 35 Vwhich are moved to positions representing the value of any signincant digit (other than zero) will remove their ears 'mi from under the vnoses of the associated selecting levers let, ermitting the same to be moved by their springs inwardly into actual blocking engagement with a notch '114 in the denomination selecting plate or against the side of the plate in readiness to engage its aligned notches 'Ils as the plate progresses downward through its travel.

The plate 756, in conjunction with the v-arious ordinally arranged sets Vof 'control levers 'H5 and itt, forni the means for sequentially causing the d-ierent racks starting from lower denominational order to control multiplication operations. For this purpose each set of levers 'H and 'E89 are provided with pear-shaped slots '193 and ist, respectively (Fig. fi), through both of which extends a pin 595 carried on the lower end of cam link let. The upper end of the link carries a pin 197 which is sudati@ along a vertical slot 'ses in an associated plate 'Eile or" the aforementioned Contact carriage e. The pin 97 also entends into a triangular can/lining' aperture tt in the associ.- ated rack The pin F in the lower end of each link 136 also extends through an arcuate slot et! formed in a juxtaposed lever 8e2 which is secured to a rockable shaft 8d3, there ibeing one such lever in each order of the machine. Slot 863i is provided with a shoulder Bell under which the pin 795 is urged' by a spring 8&5 which also normally maintains the link F96 in its raised position illustrated in Fig. 1.

However, the slot lila in the lever normally prevents the pin 'E25 :from moving into a position under the shoulder lli unless the two levers 'H6 and 18E! are allowed to rock into their blocking relationship with the `plate 751i.

The various arms lare rocked clockwise from and to the positions illustratedin Fig. 1 once during each multiplying cycle. Therefore, when' any set of levers 'W6 and 730 have moved counterclockwise into actual blocking positions, the associated pin le?) will be set in position below thel shoulder eilt of the associated lever 8e2. During the ensuing oscillation or the shaft 83, the'sh'oulder ofthe associated lever will draw the link 196 downwardly causing its pin 'E91 to cam along one or the other of the inclined comming surfaces of aperture 85E! until the slots 'i538 in the plate' 744 of the contact carriagev become aligned with the notch B of this rack.

Thus, during each multiplying cycle the contact carriage will be moved from a previously set position thereof to a new position corresponding to the setting of the associated rack 35 in the newly selected order. However, if the Contact carriage is already in a position'numerically cor-V responding to the numerical position of the rack 35 which is in control; the slot ISIS in the associed crrliasgf plate l' will be in alignrnentv with eno c i and, conse 'uentl not be movedq y, the carriage will Toward the end of the d lever B02 which is driving the pin of the link will cam along the forward edges of, nrst, the slot 'itil (see Fig. 4) and thereafter the slot i3- in the lever T16, drawing the levers out of their blocking positions relative to the plate 154 so that the latter will be free t0 ownward stroke of the its associated link 195,

move downward until blocked by the corresponding levers of the next higher denominational or der which contains a significant multiplier' digit.

Describing now the means for oscillating the shaft 803. an arm 8|0 (Fig. 3) is fastened to this shaft and is connected by a link 8|| to a cam follower 8|2 fulcrumed at 8|3 and urged counterclockwise by a spring 6M into cooperative relation with a cam 6|6 keyed on the multiplier shaft |0.

M ultiplying circuit arrangement As mentioned hereinbefore, the machine comprises a multiplying mechanism of the partial product circuit type. This includes groups of partial product circuits in each order, one to control registration of the units component of a partial product and the other to control registration of the tens component of the same partial product. These two groups are mounted on separate plates located on opposite sides of the aforementioned contact element 655 in each order, one plate being illustrated at 820 (Figs. 1 and 2).

Each of the various circuits in any one group of partial product circuits includes one of a series of coordinately arranged terminals 655U (units component) and 655T (tens component) indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 13 which are connected to different terminal strips 656U and 656'1, respectively. The particular circuit arrangements are not shown, sufce it to say that they are arranged in accordance with the respective units or tens components of the partial products tables. For example, the zero terminal strip 656U or 656T is located at the right in Fig. 13, the one terminal strip next, and so forth.

Considering the example of multiplying 4X3, -the contact element 654 in the controlling denominational order would accordingly be set downward to a three multiplicand factor position and to the left (Fig. 13) to four multiplier' factor position wherein a circuit would be completed to the two terminal strip 656U of the units component plate 820 and a second circuit could be completed to the one terminal Strip 656T of the tens component plate 82| in that order.

The terminals 656U and 656T when energized, differentially control associated units and tens actuating devices generally indicated at 651 and 658, respectively, to differentially drive the accumulator 6 as will be seen presently.

The actuating devices 651 and 658 are so arranged relative to the partial product circuits that a tens component actuator 656 under control of the tens component partial product circuit in any one main rack order and the units component actuator 651 under control of the units component partial product circuits in the next higher main rack order jointly control a particular order of the partial product accumulator 6 so that the units and tens partial products of a multiplication may be simultaneously entered into the latter accumulator.

The actuators 651 and 658 in each accumulator order are differentially controlled by electromagnetic devices 660 and 66|, respectively, which are selectively connected in circuit with the units and tens partial product circuits in different selected orders. The devices 66|] and 66| are in circuit with contact rollers 662 and 663, respectively. movable along the terminal strips 656U and 656T for the units and tens partial product circuits, respectively, by constant excursion devices 659. For this purpose. the rollers 662 and 663 also are in continuous electrical contact with feeder bars 839 and |839, respectively. Thus. when a roller 662 or 663 completes a conditioned partial product circuit, an electromagnetic device 660 or 66|, respectively, connected in the circuit is energized to arrest the respective units or tens accumulator actuator 651 or 658.

A denomination distributing device generally indicated at 664 (Figs. l and 13) is provided to successively enter the various partial products of a multiplication into successively higher orders of the accumulator 6 as the multiplication progresses, in accordance with the well known laws of multiplication. 'lhis device is under control of the multiplier digit denomination selecting device |54 (Figs. 1 and 10) so that after the partial product representing the multiplication of all of the multiplicand digits by, for example, the lowest order digit of the multiplier, has been entered into the accumulator 6, the connections between the partial product circuits and the electromagnetic devices are shifted so that the next partial product representing the multiplication of all of the multiplicand digits by the next higher denomination or order digit of the multiplier will be entered into the next higher orders, in echelon, of the accumulator. If the next higher order digit in the multiplier factor should happen to be a zero, the selecting device |54 would, as mentioned hereinbefore, sense this condition and transfer control to the next higher order main rack and would at this time control the connections between the partial product circuits and the electromagnetic devices to be further shifted so that the next partial product will .be entered into the second higher echelon of orders of the accumulator.

It should be noted at this point that the feeder strips 839 (Fig. 13) are connected in a manner to be described presently to certain of the electromagnetic control devices 666 while the feeder strips |839 are similarly connected to certain electromagnetic control devices 66| to energize such devices when their associated orders of the partial product accumulator 6 have registered the proper partial product values, and it is these connections which must be shifted by the denomination selecting device 154 to accomplish the above result.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 11, there is attached across the forward edges of the partial product plate 820, etc., a plate 832 of insulating material to which are attached a series of diagonally extending conducting bars 833. These bars are located at the rear of the plate and have tabs |634 extending therefrom through apertures in the plate. The tabs are bent over the forward face of the plate to form contact terminals. It will be noted `by following any contact bar 833 that the tabs thereon are alternately bent in opposite directions. Also, it will be noted that the tabs on any one bar are ordinally spaced and the tabs of two adjacent conductor bars are located in side-by-side relation, thereby forming two groups of tabs in each denominational order.

The different conductor bars 833 are electrically connected to different ones of the feeder strips 839 and |339 of the various partial product circuit assemblies as shown in Fig. 13, the different bars being alternately connected to the units and tens feeder strips 839 and |839, respectively, of the different partial product assemblies ffrom the lowermost or cents order. This arrangement is indicated 'in Fig. 13 wherein it will be understood that the lowermost ydiagonal bar 833 is permanently connected by a conductor 842 to the units feeder strips 630 of the lowermost cents order partial product circuit assembly which is not shown in Fig. 13. The next higher diagonal bar is connected by a conductor 842e to the tens feeder' stri-p |1839 of the lowermost cents partial product circuit assembly (also not shown). Likewise the next higher conductor bar 883 is connected by a conductor 043 to the feeder strip 839 for the units component partial product -circuit assemlbly of the dimes order, the latter plate assembly being illustrated at rthe top of the partial product circuit assembly shown in Fig. 13. Also, the next higher conductor bar is connected-by conductor 044 to the feeder strip |830 for the tens partial product cir-cuit assembly of the dimes order. This arrangement or connection is similar for the sequentially higher conductor bars and higher orders of partial product circuit assemblies.

Parallel to the plate 832 (Fig. l) is a second plate 805, also of insulating' material stationarily mounted in the machine. Fixed to this plate are a plurality of vertically extending metallic conductor strips 606 (see also Fig. 13) which are aligned with different ones of vthe vertically extending groups of conductor tabs |634 which are shown schematically as 4dots in this latter figure. One strip 046 in each order is connected by a conductor &7 to the terminal of a units component electromagnetic device y060 while the second strip` in each order is connected by a conductor 84M to the terminal of a tens component electromagnetic device 66| in the corresponding order of the accumulator.

Intermediate the plates `S32 and '346 is a denomination distributing or shift switch in the form of a bar 846. This bar is formed of insulating material and is guided in a vertical direction by rol-1ers 845 (Fig. 5) suitably support-ed from opposite ends thereof and guided in vertical sl-ots 85| formed in the machine side frame |43, the latter slots extending parallel t0 the aforementioned guide slots 151| for the denomination selecting plate |54.

The switch bar 643 has a series of grooves 850 therein, two for each order, in which are iitted spring Contact clips 80| wh-ch press outwardly so as to engage, on one side thereof aligned ones of the conductor tabs |834 and on the other side thereof aligned ones of the vertical strips 046, thereby forming electrical connections between the strips and the different ones of the diagonal bars 833.

Means are provi-ded for locking the switch bar 048 in any `of its vertically adjusted positions throughout the maior portion of each |multiplier cycle even though the plate '|54 is allowed to ad- `Vance Ito its next lower position during such portion of the cycle so as to permit an overlap of rthe functioning of these two elements. For this purpose, a detent bar |060 (Figs. 5 and 9) is secured to the bearing studs for lthe rollers 845 and has Va plurality of detents therein, any of which is adapted to be engaged by a lock pawl |00| fulcrum'ed at |062 and urged out of engagement with the bar by a spring |063. The pawl is coupled through a -pin and slot connection |064 to a cam follower |065, pivoted at |0166, and held by the spring |063 in operative relation with a cam |068'keyed on the multiplier shaft |0.

As previously described, and in accordance with the present invention, means are provided for controlling alternate advancement of the denomination selecting plate '|54 and the denomination distributing switch b ar 848, and for controlling such advancement at a predetermined rate of speed regardless of the number of increments through which each element Will advance in any one stepdue to the presence of zeros in the multiplier factor.

Referring to Fig. 9, the plate '|54 is pivotally connected through a link |00| to an arm |002 fastened to a rockable shaft |003 to which is also secured a combination rack and gear sector |004. The gear teeth on element |004 mesh with similar teeth on a second .sector |005 pivotally mounted on a shaft |006 and urged counterclockwise by a spring |001 tensioned between the sector and a frame stud |008.

The sector |005 is normally engaged by an `ear I|000 formed on a ratchet I0 0 also pivoted on the shaft |005 independently of segment |005. The ratchet |0|0 is pivotally connected at |0|| to a rack |0|2 meshing with a pinion |0|3 which, in. turn, meshes with a rack gear section I0 |14 on the upper end of the bar |060.

The rack |0 2 is maintained in constant mesh lwith pinion |0|3 by a retainer |0|5, pivotally mounted on a shaft |0|6 which rotatably suppo-rts the pinion l0 3, the retainer being provided with rollers |0|'| rotatably engaging ther forwar-d ledge of the rack |0|2.

The ratchet teeth |024 of sector |004 and teeth |025 of ratchet |0|0 are arranged concentric about the respective shafts |003 and |006. Also, sector |004 has an arcuate Iextension |0|8 like- Iwise concentric about the shaft |003 While the ratchet |0|0 has a similar arcuate extension |0 I 9 concentric about shaft |006.

Operatively associated with the ratchet teeth |024 and |025 is a double-ended pawl |020 pivoted at |02| on a bell crank |022. The latter is pivoted at |023 and is connected by a link |026 to a cam follower |02? fulcrumed at |028 and having rollers |020 and |030 thereon engaging the peripheries of complementary cams |03| and |032, respectively, mounted on the multiplier shaft I0 and effective to oscillate pawl |020 once ducing each multiplier cycle.

An over-center tension spring |035 is extended between a pin |033 on the pawl |020 anda pin |034 on the bell crank |022. The spring |035 is effective to hold the pawl in either its clockwiserocked. position shown in Fig. 9 wherein its lower tooth is maintained in engagement with the periphery of arcuate extension |0|0 or with one of the teeth |025 of the ratchet |0|0. Likewise, the spring is capable of maintaining the pawl in a counterclockwise position wherein its upper tooth is effective to engage either the arcuate eX- tension 0| 8 or one of the ratchet teeth |024 of the sector |004.

The pawl |020 has an extension |038 thereon adapted, when the bell crank |022 is rocked into an uppermost position by the cams |03| and |032, to engagea stationary frame pin |037 (having no connection with sector |000) and thereby rock the pawl |02 Ocounterclockwise into engagement with one of the ratchet teeth |024.

With parti-cular reference toFigs. 9 and l2, it willV be recalled that the denomination selecting plate '|54 Will be allowed to move downward to its first multiplier digit selecting position during the first phase or of the main clutch cycle preceding the multiplication operation so that the sectors |604 and |005 operatively connectedv therewith will also have been advanced like amounts; Likewise, since the pawl |020 will be ln the position shown in Fig. 9 at the start of a multiplication cycle, the ratchet |919 will be held by the pawl |020 in its position shown to hold the denomination distributing control bar 3&3 (Fig. 1l) in its uppermost or initial svvitchin T position. However, during the first '77 rotation of the multiplying cycle, the cams |03-| and |032 will become effective to advance the pawl |02!) upwardly, allowing the ratchet iilIii and consequently the bar 843 to follow under the urges of spring |001 until the ear |069 of the latter strikes the arrested sector' |005, at which time the switch bar 848 will be located in. a position corresponding to the positioning of the denomination selecting plate |54 and, i. e., the selec ed denomination 0f the multiplier factor.

At approximately 13G the cams |23! and |932 will become effective to retract the bell crank |022 and pawl |02i1 toward its lowermcst position as illustrated, permitting the sector ism', to follow therealong at a rate of speed determined by cams |IJ3|l and |632 until the denomination control plate 154 is arrested in a position selecting the next higher order denomination digit. At the end of its downward. stroke, the projection m33 of pawl |020 will strike frame pin |330 and rock the pawl clockwise to a position re-engaging the ratchet |0|0 thereafter coming 'to rest in its illustrated position. As the next multiplier cycle follows, the cams |ii3| and |032 will cause the pawl |020 to continue its aforesaid excursion in which it will alternately pi-clr up successive teeth |024 and |025 of the elements liliil and. |G|ll, rcspectively, until both the selection plate 754 and the bar 048 reach the bottoms of their travels incident `to the completion of the multiplication operation.

During the second or final phase of the main clutch cycle initiated at the completion of the multiplying operation, the cams |350 and |3| (Fig.

3) will return the cam follower' ld to its illustrated position, causing yoked link 'H33 to raise arm 15| and thereby, through arms "|51 (Fig. 8) and '|58 (Fig. 3) likewise raise selection plate This motion will rock elements |092 and lol?! back. to their positions illustrated in Fig` 9, during which time the teeth |02 will merely rasp over the lower tooth of pawl |020.

Having thus described the linvention what we desire to secure by United States Letters Patent l. In a calculating machine, a rst device movable to any of a plurality of positions, a second device movable to any of a plurality of positions corresponding to any of said first mentioned positions, means controlled by said first device for arresting said second device in a position corresponding to a. position occupied by said first device, means for moving said first device, means including a cam device for controlling the speed of movement of said iirst device, means for selectively arresting said iirst device in any of said positions, means for moving said second device, and means including said cam device for controlling the speed of movement of said second device.

2. In a calculating machine, a device movable from any of a plurality of positions to any other of said positions, spring means for moving said device, means for selectively arresting said device in any of said positions, an oscillating device movable through a predetermined stroke, means for causing said oscillating device to engage said first mentioned device at one end of the stroke thereof, and means for releasing said first mentioned de CII vice from said arresting means upon engagement of said rst mentioned device by said oscillating device, said oscillating device being effective to retard movement of said first mentioned device during movement towards said arrested position thereof.

3. In a calculating machine, a first device movable to any of a plurality of positions, means for moving said device, a second device movable to any of a plurality of positions corresponding to said first mentioned positions, means for moving said second device, means including an oscillating element operable upon movement thereof in one direction to control said first mentioned moving means during movement of said first device to a selected one of said positions thereof, said element being operable upon movement thereof in the opposite direction to control said second mentioned moving means during movement of said second device, and means rendered effective by said first device for arresting said second device in a position ycorresponding to a position occupied by said first device.

4. In a calculating machine, a first device including a ratchet element movable to any of a plurality of positions, means for moving said device, a second device including a second ratchet element movable to any of a plurality of positions corresponding to said first mentioned positions. means for moving said second device, and means including an oscillating pawl engageable with said first mentioned ratchet elem-ent upon movement of said pawl in one direction to control said first mentioned moving means during movement of said rst device to a selected one of said positions, said pawl being engageable with said second ratchet element upon movement of said pawl in the opposite direction to control said second mentioned moving means during movement of said second device, and means rendered effective by said first device for arresting said second device in a position corresponding to a position occupied by said first device.

5. In a calculating machine, a first device including a ratchet member movable to any of a plurality of positions, a second device including a second ratchet member movable to any of a plurality of positions corresponding to said first mentioned positions, means for moving said devices, an oscillating power device, a pawl carried by said device, said pawl being effective to engage and control said movement of either of said devices, means responsive to movement of said oscillating device in one direction for causing said pawl to engage said rst mentioned ratchet element, means responsive to movement of said device in the opposite direction for causing said pawl to engage said second mentioned ratchet element, and means rendered effective by said rst device for arresting said second device in a position corresponding to a position occupied by said first device.

6. In a calculating machine, calculation control mechanism including a factor selecting device movable to any of a plurality of positions to select any of a plurality of digits, respectively, and a denomination distributing device movable to different positions to distribute a digit in the result of a calculation in any of a plurality of denominational positions; means for moving said factor selecting device to a selected position, means for moving said denomination distributing device, means controlled by said factor selecting evice for arresting said denomination distributing device in a position corresponding to a. position occupied by said factor selecting device, a speed governing device, and means for causing said governing device to alternatively govern the rate of speed of said devices.

'7. In a calculating machine, calculation control mechanism including a factor selecting device movable to any of a plurality of positions to select any of a plurality of digits, respectively, and a denomination distributing device movable to different positions to distribute a digit in the result of a calculation in any of a plurality of denominational positions; means for moving said devices, means for selectively arresting said factor selecting device in any of said positions thereof, a speed governor, means for causing said governo-r to alternately govern the rate of speed of said devices, and means for arresting said denomination distributing device in a position corresponding to a position occupied by said factor selecting device.

8. )in a calculating machine, calculation control mechanism including a factor selecting device movable to any of a plurality of positions to select any of a plurality of digits, respectively, and a denomination distributing device movable to different positions to distribute a digit in the result of a calculation in any of a plurality of denominational positions; a irst ratchet element operatively connected to said factor selecting device, a second ratchet element operatively connected to said denomination distributing device, means including an oscillating pawl engageable With said first ratchet element upon movement of said paWl in one direction to elect movement of said factor selecting device, means for selectively arresting said factor selecting device in any of said positions thereof, said pawl being engageable with said second ratchet element upon movement of said paWl in the opposite direction to effect movement of said denomination distributing device, and means for arresting said denomination distributing device in a position corresponding to the position occupied by said factor selecting device.

9. In a calculating machine, calculation control mechanism including a factor selecting device movable through a predetermined path to any of a plurality of positions to select any of a plurality of digits, respectively, and a denomination distributing device movable through a second predetermined path to di'erent positions to distribute a digit in the result of a. calculation in any of a plurality of denominational positions; spring means for moving said factor selecting device through said path thereof, means for selectively arresting said factor selecting device in any of said positions, spring means for moving said denomination distributing device through said path thereof, an oscillating control device, means for oscillating said control device at a predetermined rate of speed, said control device being effective upon movement thereof in one direction to engage and control movement of said factor selecting device to a selected one of said positions thereof, said control device being effective upon movement thereof in the opposite direction to engage and control movement of said denomination distributing device, and means for arresting said denomination distributing device in a position corresponding to a position occupied by said factor selecting device.

l0, In a calculating machine, a first device movable to any of a plurality of positions, a second device movable to any of a plurality of positions corresponding to said first mentioned positions, independently operable means for moving said devices, means for controlling said first de vice to move at a predetermined rate of speed, means for selectively arresting said first mentioned device in any of said positions thereof, said first device being capable of effecting arrest of said second device in a position corresponding to an arrested position of said first device, and means for rendering said speed controlling means effective to cause said second device to move at a predetermined rate of speed.

11. In a calculating machine, a first device movable to any of a plurality of positions, a second device movable to any of a plurality of positions corresponding to any of said first-mentioned positions, means for moving said first device, means including a cam device for controlling the speed of movement of said first device, means for selectively arresting said first device in any of said first positions, means independent of said first-mentioned moving means for moving said second device, said first device being capable of arresting said second device in a position corresponding to a position occupied by said first device, and means including said cam device for controlling the speed of movement of said second device.

EDWARD P. DRAKE. RICHARD S. MARK.

REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Boyden et al. July 18, 1950 Number 

